1. A telecommunications network architecture that uses databases to facilitate call processing, call routing, and network management, allowing carriers to change the routing of both inbound and outbound calls from moment to moment. [FCC-5]
2. A proposed intelligent-network (IN) architecture that includes both IN/1+ and IN/2 concepts.

A network in which the clocks do not need to be synchronous or mesochronous. Synonym nonsynchronous network.

Formerly, a worldwide data communications network of the Defense Communications System, now replaced by the Defense Switched Network (DSN).

A worldwide, switched, secure voice network developed to fulfill DOD long-haul, secure voice requirements. [JP1]

Formerly, the principal long-haul, unsecure voice communications network within the Defense Communications System, now replaced by the Defense Switched Network (DSN).

1. In a hybrid set, hybrid coil, or resistance hybrid, a circuit used to match, i.e., to balance, the impedance of a uniform transmission line, i.e., twisted metallic pair, over a selected range of frequencies.
Note: A balancing network is required to ensure isolation between the two ports of the four-wire side of the hybrid.
2. A device used between… (Read More →)

A local area network in which information is encoded, multiplexed, and transmitted without modulation of carriers.

In telecommunications, a network that has fewer transmission paths than would be required if all users were to communicate simultaneously.
Note: Blocking networks are used because not all users require service simultaneously. Certain statistical distributions apply to the patterns of user demand.

A network used for transmission or reception of signals over two or more channels.

See network topology.

In computer networking, one who has met proprietary training and certification requirements pertinent to network design or maintenance.
Note: The training requirements embrace both software and hardware configuration.

The set of metallic components that are intentionally or incidentally interconnected to provide the principal means for effecting bonding and grounding inside a telecommunications building. These components include: structural steel or reinforcing rods, metallic plumbing, ac power conduit, cable racks, and bonding conductors. The CBN is connected to the exterior grounding electrode system. Synonym integrated ground plane. [After T1.320-1994]

Channels between switching offices used to transmit signaling information independent of the subscribers' communication paths or transmission channels. [47 CFR Pt.36-A]

A network consisting of two or more signaling points and connecting common channel signaling links that are administered in common. [T1.110-1987]

A system of circuits or channels allocated to furnish communication paths between switching centers to provide communication service on a common basis to all connected stations or subscribers. It is sometimes described as a general purpose network. [JP1]

An organization of stations capable of intercommunications, but not necessarily on the same channel. [JP 1-02]

A means for an enhanced-service provider customer to connect to a network and to the enhanced service provider.
Note: Complementary network services usually consist of the customer local service, such as a business or residence, and several associated service features, such as a call-forwarding service.

1. A network of data processing nodes that are interconnected for the purpose of data communication.
2. A communications network in which the end instruments are computers.

See network engineering.

A specialized operating system designed for computer networking on minicomputers and microcomputers in a local networking area / campus area network.
Note: A NOS is usually designed to run on existing software designed for that computer and may require interface hardware for the workstation and server.

A network service that establishes logical connections between end users before transferring information. [T1.110-1987]

A network service that transfers information between end users without establishing a logical connection or virtual circuit between those specific users. [After T1.110-1987]

See CREN.

A configuration of telecommunication facilities for the purpose of transmitting data, as opposed to analog signals. [After T1.210-1989]

Is the name used to describe the center which administers and maintains Data Networks (e.g., X.75 Gateways).

In the ITU-T International X.121 format, the first four digits of the international data number, the three digits that may represent the data country code, and the 1-digit network code, i.e., the network digit.

A component of the Defense Communications System used for switching Department of Defense automated data processing systems. [JP 1-02]

A component of the Defense Communications System that handles Department of Defense voice, data, and video communications.

A set of physical transport/access networks.

A device implementing the Delivery Network Gateway Function. The DNG may also be termed the RG (Residential Gateway) in other standards bodies.

A mutually synchronized network in which all clocks in the network are of equal status and exert equal amounts of control on the others, the network operating clock pulse repetition rate being the mean of the natural (uncontrolled) clock pulse repetition rates of the population of clocks.

A synchronized network in which a unique master clock controls all other clocks in the network. [From Weik '89]

A network, or circuit, that produces an output waveform that is the time derivative of the input waveform.
Note: Differentiating networks are used in signal processing, such as for producing short timing pulses from square waves.

See integrated digital network.

A network structure in which the network resources, such as switching equipment and processors, are distributed throughout the geographical area being served.
Note: Network control may be centralized or distributed.

A distributed multi-access network that (a) supports integrated communications using a dual bus and distributed queuing, (b) provides access to local or metropolitan area networks, and (c) supports connectionless data transfer, connection-oriented data transfer, and isochronous communications, such as voice communications.

A managed IP network that is used for emergency services communications, and that can be shared by all public safety agencies. It provides the IP transport infrastructure upon which independent application platforms and core functional processes can be deployed, including, but not restricted to, those necessary for providing NG911 services. ESInets may be constructed from a mix of dedicated and… (Read More →)

1. In a system, a network that may replace another network without altering the performance of the system.
2. A network with external characteristics that are identical to those of another network.
3. A theoretical representation of an actual network.

The body responsible for coordinating networking needs among U. S. Federal agencies.

See network topology.

See common user network.

A network that (a) is composed of different interconnected computer networks and (b) covers an unlimited geographical area.
Note: Loosely synonymous with an internet (as opposed to the Internet (with an uppercase "I"), which designates one specific network). [After 2382-pt.35]

A computer network in which processing and control functions are performed at several levels by computers specially suited for the functions performed, such as industrial process control, inventory control, database control, or hospital automation.

A mutually synchronized network in which some clocks exert more control than others, the network operating frequency being a weighted mean of the natural frequencies of the population of clocks.

1. The carrier's own Signaling System No.7 (SS7) network. [T1.226-1992],
2. A physical network segment situated on the users' premises comprised of devices and interconnection between devices and supporting governing protocols with the premises for IPTV.

A communications network that uses a combination of line facilities, i.e., trunks, loops, or links, some of which use only analog or quasi-analog signals and some of which use only digital signals. Synonyms hybrid network, hybrid system.

See hybrid communications network.

A network that uses both digital transmission and digital switching.

An integrated digital network in which the same time-division switches and digital transmission paths are used to establish connections for different services.
Note 1: ISDN services include telephone, data, electronic mail, and facsimile.
Note 2: The method used to accomplish a connection is often specified: for example, switched connection, nonswitched connection, exchange connection, ISDN connection.

A network (circuit) that produces an output waveform that is the time integral of the input waveform.
Note: Integrating networks are used in signal processing, such as for producing sawtooth waves from square waves.

1. A network that allows functionality to be distributed flexibly at a variety of nodes on and off the network and allows the architecture to be modified to control the services.
2. In North America, an advanced network concept that is envisioned to offer such things as (a) distributed call-processing capabilities across multiple network modules, (b) real-time authorization code verification,… (Read More →)

A service provided using the capabilities of the intelligent network. [T1.667-1999]

A protocol for intelligent network applications contained in Layer 7 (the Application Layer of the OSI model). [T1.667-1999]

Two or more networks connected for purposes of call processing. [T1.207-1998]

Any interconnecting network(s) between the originating network and terminating network.

See InterNIC.

Synonym internet.

See gateway.

The point of demarcation between networks when service is provided across multiple networks. [T1.503-1989] [T1.507-1996]

See IPX.

The process of interconnecting two or more individual networks to facilitate communications among their respective nodes.
Note: The interconnected networks may be different types. Each network is distinct, with its own addresses, internal protocols, access methods, and administration.

Synonym isolated ground plane.

A signaling and media interconnection point between callers in legacy wireline/wireless originating networks and an NG9-1-1 Emergency Services Network. This Functional Element provides MF/SS7-to-SIP signaling interworking, as well as emergency services-specific processing.

A signaling and media interconnection point between callers in legacy wireline/wireless originating networks and an NG9-1-1 Emergency Services Network. This Functional Element provides MF/SS7-to-SIP signaling interworking, as well as emergency services-specific processing.

The customer side of any digital subscriber line (DSL) that does not terminate on the customer installation (CI). [T1.216-1998]

See network topology.

A data communications system that (a) lies within a limited spatial area, (b) has a specific user group, (c) has a specific topology, and (d) is not a public switched telecommunications network, but may be connected to one.
Note 1: LANs are usually restricted to relatively small areas, such as rooms, buildings, ships, and aircraft.
Note 2: An interconnection of… (Read More →)

A communication network within a TMN (telecommunications management network) that supports data communication functions (DCFs) normally at [specified] reference points q1 and q
2. LCNs range from the simple to the complex. LCN examples include point-to-point connections and networks based on star and bus topologies. [After T1.210-1993]

See network topology.

A data communications network that (a) covers an area larger than a campus area network and smaller than a wide area network (WAN), (b) interconnects two or more LANs, and (c) usually covers an entire metropolitan area, such as a large city and its suburbs.

A network that has a synchronizing arrangement in which each clock in the network exerts a degree of control on all others.

A condition of an interface, as determined by the network, based on the network's capability to terminate another call to that interface. The interface is said to be NDUB if any of the following conditions exist: (a) if the maximum number of information channels available has been reached and the network does not support the offering of additional calls beyond… (Read More →)

1. An interconnection of three or more communicating entities.
2. An interconnection of usually passive electronic components that performs a specific function (which is usually limited in scope), e.g., to simulate a transmission line or to perform a mathematical function such as integration or differentiation.
Note: A network may be part of a larger circuit.

A physical entity that provides network access for users. It contains the call-control agent function and may include the call-control function. [T1.667-1999]

The signaling point code, containing for U. S. national networks, the network identification, network cluster, and network cluster member fields (24 bits). [T1.110-1987]

Wherever the carrier places the home router, they typically request the IP addresses in the home not be represented directly to the network. Instead, a transplant NAT is used.

A group of network management functions that (a) provide support services, (b) ensure that the network is used efficiently, and (c) ensure prescribed service-quality objectives are met.
Note: Network administration may include activities such as network address assignment, assignment of routing protocols and routing table configuration, and directory service configuration.

1. The design principles, physical configuration, functional organization, operational procedures, and data formats used as the bases for the design, construction, modification, and operation of a communications network.
2. The structure of an existing communications network, including the physical configuration, facilities, operational structure, operational procedures, and the data formats in use.

Network Attachment is the process by which a network entity (such as the ITF or DNG) establishes Layer 3 connectivity to an IP-network and obtains network configuration data.

The probability a network can perform its required functions. [T
1. Rpt24-1993]

A computer program for browsing hyperlinked documents (especially on the Web).
Note 1: A network browser formats and displays information so obtained in a form useful to the viewer.
Note 2: A network browser may function in a graphical mode or in a text-only mode.

See busy hour.

An encoded representation used to identify both switched and non-switched channel services. Included in this code set are customer options associated with individual channel services, or feature groups and other switched services.

(NC is a registered trademark of iconectiv, LLC. )

An encoded representation used to identify interface elements located at a Point Of Termination (POT), which may also be known as a Point of Interface (POI).

(NCI is a registered trademark of iconectiv, LLC. )

The field in the U. S. signaling point code structure that identifies groups of signaling points and individual STPs (signaling transfer points) of a signaling network. [T1.110-1987]

1. Synonym thin client.
2. Any computer connected to a network.

The topological description of a network that specifies, in terms of circuit termination locations and quantities, the interconnection of the transmission nodes.

In a switch or network node, software designed to store and forward frames between nodes.
Note: An NCP may be used in local area networks or larger networks.

The ability to deliver consistent services from an IP infrastructure across a diversity of access networks. The IP infrastructure also supports session and policy control, applications and service capability, and Operations, Administration, Maintenance and Provisioning (OAM&P). While network convergence is not necessary for service convergence it can simplify its implementation.

Data that are specific to the functionality of the network. [T1.667-1999]

In integrated services digital networks, a piece of telecommunications equipment that provides support or services to the user.

A functional block that communicates with a telecommunications management network (TMN) for the purpose of being monitored, or controlled, or both. [T1.210-1993]

A building (such as a central office) or nonbuilding location housing NEs. Communication within an NE location may be accomplished with minimal attention to such factors as noise, lightning protection, or the cost of bandwidth; communication outside an NE location uses suitable modems and uses conventional communications services or an EOC (embedded operations channel). [T1.204-1992]

1. In telephony, the discipline concerned with (a) determining internetworking service requirements for switched networks, and (b) developing and implementing hardware and software to meet them.
2. In computer science, the discipline of hardware and software engineering to accomplish the design goals of a computer network.
3. In radio communications, the discipline concerned with developing network topologies.

See netiquette.

The connection between the radio port controller and the PCS (personal communications services) switching center. [T
1. Rpt34-1994]

A complete or partial failure of a component or components of a network because of malfunction or natural or human-caused disasters. Partial failures include degradation (and graceful degradation). [T
1. Rpt24-1993]

A combination of the network's unservability (U), duration (D), and extent (E) parameters that exceeds a threshold. [After T
1. Rpt24-1993]

See NFS.

The field in the U. S. signaling point code structure that identifies signaling networks. [T1.110-1987]

A failure (hardware, software, human, or process) of a telecommunications network component that prevents call completion.

Information within the service information octet of the message signal unit that permits discrimination between national and international messages. [T1.226-1992]

See NIC.

See network survivability.

1. The point of interconnection between a user terminal and a private or public network.
2. The point of interconnection between the public switched network and a privately owned terminal.
Note: Code of Federal Regulations, Title 47, part 68, stipulates the interface parameters.
3. The point of interconnection between one network and another network.
4. The point of demarcation between… (Read More →)

See NIC.

1. A device that performs interface functions, such as code conversion, protocol conversion, and buffering, required for communications to and from a network.
2. A device used primarily within a local area network (LAN) to allow a number of independent devices, with varying protocols, to communicate with each other.
Note 1: An NID converts each device protocol into a common… (Read More →)

Synonym network interface device.

Cooperation among networks in the processing, management, and creation of services that span multiple networks. [After T1.667-1999]

Synonym direct inward dialing.

See Open Systems Interconnection--Reference Model.

A function within the network layer by means of which one correspondent network entity forwards data to another correspondent network entity. [T1.204-1992]

Loss added to the network to control echo. [T1.508-1998]

1. The execution of the set of functions required for controlling, planning, allocating, deploying, coordinating, and monitoring the resources of a telecommunications network, including performing functions such as initial network planning, frequency allocation, predetermined traffic routing to support load balancing, cryptographic key distribution authorization, configuration management, fault management, security management, performance management, and accounting management.
Note: Network management does not… (Read More →)

In network management, the entity that initiates requests for management information from managed systems or receives spontaneous management-related notifications from managed systems.

A Network Modification is any type of planned equipment, software, trunk or facility activity which has the potential to significantly affect interconnected networks (e. g. rearrangement of existing network elements, switch homing rearrangements, SS7 rehoming).

A grouping of one or more network elements (at one or more sites) which provides network related functions, and is administered as a single entity. A single site may contain more than one network node. For the purpose of this glossary, a network node is considered synonymous with a network element, and is usually at a single site. This restriction… (Read More →)

An identification number, within a computer network or set of interconnected networks, that uniquely identifies a computer.
Note: Under the Internet protocol system, the network number forms a part of the IP address of each computer in the network. [2382-pt.35]

Software that (a) controls a network and its message (e.g., packet) traffic, and queues, (b) controls access by multiple users to network resources such as files, and (c) provides for certain administrative functions, including security.
Note 1: A network operating system is most frequently used with local area networks and wide area networks, but could also have application to larger… (Read More →)

A centralized organization responsible for the operation and maintenance of its network. [2382-pt.35]

The operator responsible for the development, provision and maintenance of real-time networking services and for operating the corresponding networks. [After T1.667-1999]

A call state in which the network transmits the caller's emergency service ID (CESID) to the public service answering point (PSAP) customer installation (CI). [T1.414-1998]

Synonym direct outward dialing.

The qualitative level at which a network fulfills its function. [After T
1. Rpt24-1993]

An ISDN number, supplied by the calling user's or the redirecting user's network, which is associated with the calling user or the redirecting user. It is possible that the NPN may have the same value as the user provided number (UPN) especially in cases where delivery of two calling party numbers is supported. The NPN may also be accompanied by… (Read More →)

1. The organization that maintains and operates the network components required for intelligent network (IN) functionality. A network provider may also take more than one role, e.g., also acting as service provider.
2. The entity connecting customers and Service Providers. The delivery system usually is composed of access networks and core or backbone networks, using a variety of network technologies.… (Read More →)

See network survivability.

Automatic or manual methods to return a network to its normal function in response to a network failure. [T
1. Rpt24-1993]

The network components that provide a virtual connection between two circuit sections. A network section may be either an access network section or a transit network section. [T1.504-1989]

Protection of networks and their services from unauthorized modification, destruction, or disclosure. It provides assurance the network performs its critical functions correctly and there are no harmful side-effects. [INFOSEC-99]

[A] subset of network architecture specifically addressing security-relevant issues. [INFOSEC-99]

The combination of the MTP (message transfer part) and the SCCP (signaling connection control part). [T1.110-1987]

The side of the network interface or the network functions as seen from the interface. [T1.601-1988]

A specific location where there are one or more ICT equipment entities, facility terminations, nodal locations, or administrative operations, e. g. building

A process concerned with surveillance of the network as a whole. It includes activities for coordination and assigning priorities to maintenance actions. The information necessary to support this process comes from alarms, measurements, and indicators of operational (including congestion) status. [T1.226-1992]

The (a) ability of a network to maintain or restore an acceptable level of performance during network failures by applying various restoration techniques, and (b) mitigation or prevention of service outages from network failures by applying preventive techniques. [T
1. Rpt24-1993]

The analytical processes for estimating how well network services will be affected and restored with transparencies to the users as a result of a failure.

In the ITU-T International X.121 format, the sets of digits that comprise the complete address of the data terminal end point.
Note: For an NTN that is not part of a national integrated numbering format, the NTN is the 10 digits of the ITU-T X.25 14-digit address that follow the Data Network Identification Code (DNIC). When part of a national… (Read More →)

Synonym for demarcation point.

Network equipment that provides functions necessary for network operation of ISDN access protocols.
Note: Network termination provides functions essential for transmission services.

In Integrated Services Digital Networks (ISDN), a functional grouping of customer-premises equipment that includes functions that may be regarded as belonging to OSI Layer 1, i.e., functions associated with ISDN electrical and physical terminations on the user premises.
Note: The NT1 forms a boundary to the network and may be controlled by the provider of the ISDN services.

In Integrated Services Digital Networks (ISDN), an intelligent device that may include functionality for OSI Layers 1 through 3 (dependent on individual systems requirements).

The specific physical, i.e., real, or logical, i.e., virtual, arrangement of the elements of a network.
Note 1: Two networks have the same topology if the connection configuration is the same, although the networks may differ in physical interconnections, distances between nodes, transmission rates, and/or signal types.
Note 2: The common types of network topology are illustrated [refer to the… (Read More →)

[The] totality of protection mechanisms within a network, including hardware, firmware, and software, the combination of which is responsible for enforcing a security policy. [INFOSEC-99]

An internetwork administrative signaling mechanism in the call control procedure between packet switching public data networks.

1. In computer security, a penetration technique in which different communication networks are used to gain access to a data processing system to avoid detection and trace-back. [After 2382-pt.8]
2. [A] penetration technique in which different communication networks are linked to access an information system (IS) to avoid detection and trace-back. [INFOSEC-99]

In a computer networking environment, an application (program) that is centrally stored, e.g., on a server, and copies of which may be accessed on demand by a client and used temporarily (i.e., for a single session) by the client (e.g., a desktop computer).
Note: Multiple clients may make simultaneous use of a given network-launched application.

A Next Generation Network (NGN) is a packet-based network able to provide services including Telecommunication Services and able to make use of multiple broadband, QoS-enabled transport technologies and in which service-related functions are independent from underlying transport-related technologies. It offers unrestricted access by users to different service providers. It supports generalized mobility which will allow consistent and ubiquitous provision of… (Read More →)

Non-terrestrial networks (NTN) are networks or segments of networks that use either Uncrewed Aircraft Systems (UAS) operating typically between 8 and 50km altitudes, including High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) or satellites in different constellations to carry a transmission equipment relay node or a base station.

Synonym asynchronous network.

A synchronized network in which the timing of all clocks is controlled by a selected few clocks.

In the context of the FCC's Computer Inquiry III, the overall design of a communication carrier's basic network facilities and services to permit all users of the basic network to interconnect to specific basic network functions and interfaces on an unbundled, equal-access basis.
Note: The ONA concept consists of three integral components: (a) basic serving arrangements (BSAs), (b) basic service… (Read More →)

Terminates the fiber network in an FTTP FTTx scenario. Typically the ONT provides the NID function. One per home subscriber.

A network element that is part of a fiber-in-the-loop system interfacing the customer analog access cables and the fiber facilities. [T1.508-1998]

The use of optical fiber networks to transport data frames from multiple data sources over an optical wavelength channel.

The signaling network that initiates a non-circuit-related message containing intermediate signaling network indication (ISNI) information; this network may send subsequent messages based on the received ISNI information. [T1.118-1992]

A switched network that transmits data in the form of packets.

A network added between a protected network and an external network, in order to provide an additional layer of security. A perimeter network is sometimes called a DMZ.

A network inserted in a system in order to increase the magnitude of one range of frequencies with respect to another.
Note: Preemphasis is usually employed in FM or phase modulation transmitters to equalize the modulating signal drive power in terms of deviation ratio. The receiver demodulation process includes a reciprocal network, called a deemphasis network, to restore the original… (Read More →)

Private networks are composed of stations which are not directly accessible from all PSTN stations via the use of NANP E.164 numbers.

A network established and operated by a telecommunications administration, or a recognized private operating agency, for the specific purpose of providing data transmission services for the public.

A network that is established and operated by an administration or by a recognized operating agency (ROA) for the specific purpose of providing land mobile telecommunications services to the public.
Note: A PLMN may be considered as an extension of a fixed network, e. g. the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) or as an integral part of the PSTN.

1. Any common carrier network that provides circuit switching among public users.
Note: The term is usually applied to public switched telephone networks, but it could be applied more generally to other switched networks, e.g., packet-switched public data networks.
2. A switched network accessible by the public for the purpose of originating and terminating telecommunications messages. [T1.209-1989]
3. Any common… (Read More →)

A telecommunications network usually accessed by telephones, key telephone systems, private branch exchange trunks, and data arrangements.
Note: Completion of the circuit between the call originator and call receiver in a PSTN requires network signaling in the form of dial pulses or multi-frequency tones.
The worldwide network of public switched (circuit) telephone networks is based on ITU-T Recommendation E.164 (“The… (Read More →)

A type of network element (NE) that contains a DUA (directory user agent), an optional local cache, and possibly other application processes such as the registration agent. The R-NE communicates with the DSA (directory system agent) via the DAP (directory access protocol). [T1.245-1997]

See network topology.

1. A satellite system or a part of a satellite system, consisting of only one satellite and the cooperating Earth stations. [RR]
2. A satellite system, or part of a satellite system, and the cooperating Earth stations.

A subnetwork that permits access from both untrusted external networks and from trusted internal networks, but does not permit traffic flow between the two. [2382-pt.35]

For a particular message path, any intermediate network between a branch point and a subsequent branch point or convergence point is a selected network. [T1.118-1992]

A network inserted in a circuit for the purpose of improving or modifying the waveform of signals.

A network used for signaling by one or more users and consisting of signaling points and connecting signaling links. [T1.110-1987] [T1.226-1992]

The functions that are performed by the message transfer part at level 3 and are common to, and independent of, the operation of individual signaling links. They include the signaling message handling functions and the signaling network management functions.
Note: The message handling functions include functions for message distribution, message discrimination, and message routing. [T1.110-1987][T1.226-1992]

Functions that control the current message routing and configuration of signaling network facilities based on predetermined data and current information about the status of the signaling network. [T1.226-1992]

The Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) standard protocol that (a) is used to manage and control IP gateways and the networks to which they are attached, (b) uses IP directly, bypassing the masking effects of TCP error correction, (c) has direct access to IP datagrams on a network that may be operating abnormally, thus requiring management, (d) defines a set… (Read More →)

A ring network that allows unidirectional data transmission between data stations by transferring data in predefined slots in the transmission stream over one transmission medium such that the data return to the originating station.

See network topology.

A network that conveys data only among local hosts.
Note: Even if the local hosts are connected to more than one other network, these hosts do not carry traffic between these other networks. [2382-pt.35]

1. A collection of equipment and physical transmission media that forms an autonomous whole and that can be used to interconnect systems for purposes of communication.
2. Specifically, a collection of open system interconnection (OSI) end systems and intermediate systems under the control of a single administrative domain and using a single network access protocol.
Note: Examples of subnetworks are… (Read More →)

The network of switching systems, interconnecting facilities, and equipment provided by an exchange carrier (EC) to provide telecommunications services between the exchange office (EO) and interexchange carrier point of termination (IC-POT). [T1.508-1998]

1. A communications network, such as the public switched telephone network, in which any user may be connected to any other user through the use of message, circuit, or packet switching and control devices.
2. Any network providing switched communications service.

A data network in which synchronism is achieved and maintained between data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE) and the data switching exchange (DSE), and between DSEs.
Note: The data signaling rates are controlled by timing equipment within the network.

1. A network in which clocks are controlled to run, ideally, at identical rates, or at the same mean rate with a fixed relative phase displacement, within a specified limited range.
Note: Ideally, the clocks are synchronous, but they may be mesochronous in practice. By common usage, such mesochronous networks are frequently described as "synchronous. "
2. A network in… (Read More →)

See SONET.

An arrangement that permits sequential connection of tie trunks between PBX and Centrex® locations by using tandem operation.
Note: Tandem operation permits two or more dial tie trunks to be connected at a tandem center to form a through connection.

A network that interfaces with a telecommunications network at several points in order to receive information from, and to control the operation of, the telecommunications network.
Note: A TMN may use parts of the managed telecommunications network to provide for the TMN communications.

Of a UPT call, any network function associated with the termination of the call to the destination terminal. [After T
1. Rpt41-1995]

A bus network in which a token passing procedure is used.

See network topology.

A network service feature that specifies the sequence of networks used to establish or partially establish a virtual circuit.

A network section between two internet circuit sections. [T1.504-1989]

See transparency.

See network topology.

The subnetwork formed by an association of interconnected Trusted Network Interface Units and one or more Access control Systems [CESG]. See also Trusted Network Interface Unit below.

TNET (see Trusted Network above) will be realized by the development of a number of components including the TNIU and ACS. The TNIU is located between the end system and the network that provides separation, integrity, access control and authentication services by means of encryption across the network and supports the operation of the TNIUs by providing them with the… (Read More →)

1. The point of demarcation between a common carrier's facilities and customer's installation, which demarcation establishes both the technical interface and the division of operational responsibility. In this context, "customer" refers to the end-user. [J. Beaty FAA]
2. The term used to refer to the network interface (NI) as well as to interfaces within the customer installation (CI). [T1.640-1996]

A network using the communication services of other commercial carriers, using hardware and software that permit enhanced telecommunication services to be offered.

A computer network using internetworks as data links that are transparent for users and that do not have restrictions on protocols, so that the network has the characteristics of a local area network.
Note: Data links over internetworks often use tunneling. [2382-pt.35]

A network that provides virtual circuits and that is established by using the facilities of a real network.

[A] protected information-system (IS) link utilizing tunneling, security controls (see information assurance), and end-point address translation giving the user the impression a dedicated line exists between nodes. [INFOSEC-99]

A network having a loss that varies with frequency in a predetermined manner, and which network is used for improving or correcting transmission characteristics, or for characterizing noise measurements.

A physical or logical network that provides data communications to a larger number of independent users than are usually served by a local area network (LAN) and is usually spread over a larger geographic area than that of a LAN.
Note 1: WANs may include physical networks, such as Integrated Services Digital Networks (ISDNs), X.25 networks, and T1 networks.
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