That part of the transmission loss caused by the dissipation or conversion of electrical, electromagnetic, or acoustic energy into other forms of energy as a result of its interaction with a material medium.

Amplitude modulation of the output of a radio transmitter by means of a variable-impedance circuit that is caused to absorb carrier power in accordance with the modulating wave.

1. The wavelength or frequency at which a particular substance absorbs the most power (or, where the attenuation of the propagated signal is the greatest) whenever the substance is bombarded or irradiated with audio, electromagnetic, or light waves.
Note: Whenever a material is thus bombarded, there is reflection, transmission through the material, and absorption within the material. In the case… (Read More →)

Of a material propagation medium, absorptance per unit path length.

In open systems architecture, the specification of application-layer data or application-protocol control information by using notation rules that are independent of the encoding technique used to represent the information.

A standard, flexible method that (a) describes data structures for representing, encoding, transmitting, and decoding data, (b) provides a set of formal rules for describing the structure of objects independent of machine-specific encoding techniques, (c) is a formal network-management Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) language that uses human-readable notation and a compact, encoded representation of the same information used in… (Read More →)

1. Broadly, the use of specialized software, such as an application programming interface (API), as a means of shielding software from device dependencies or the complexities of underlying software.
Note: For instance, hardware abstraction enables programs to focus on a task, such as communications, instead of on individual differences between communications devices.
2. In object-oriented programming, the process of reducing… (Read More →)

1. Alternating current,
2. Access Criteria.

Dolby Audio Coding 3

Telephone ringing that makes use of both ac and dc voltages and currents.
Note: An alternating current may be used to operate a ringer and direct current to aid the relay action that stops the ringing when the called telephone is answered.