A phase of the Development Process wherein the detailed specification of a Target of Evaluation is translated into actual hardware and software [ITSEC].

A scheme under which user terminals first detect a possible congestion condition by means other than explicit congestion messages, and then take appropriate action to reduce their throughput. [T1.615-1992]

Services that a platform provides without a direct request [POSIX.0].

Synonym illegal character.

Television transmitters and receivers that (a) are built to satisfy performance requirements over and above those required by the NTSC standard and (b) remain within the general parameters of NTSC standard emissions.
Note 1: IDTV improvements may be made at the TV transmitter or the receiver.
Note 2: Examples of improvements include enhancements in encoding, digital filtering, scan interpolation, interlaced… (Read More →)

See FM improvement threshold.

Instant Messaging and Presence Services

A short surge of electrical, magnetic, or electromagnetic energy. Synonym yysurge.

The production of oscillation in a circuit or device by impressing a stimulus (signal) for a period that is extremely short compared to the duration of the oscillation that it produces. Synonym shock excitation.

Noise consisting of random occurrences of energy spikes having random amplitude and spectral content.
Note: Impulse noise in a data channel can be a definitive cause of data transmission errors.