In an optical fiber, a cladding in which the nominal refractive index is constant throughout.
Note: An optical fiber may have several homogeneous claddings, each having a different refractive index.

Multiplexing in which all of the information-bearer channels operate at the same data signaling rate.

1. The excursion of a radio wave from the Earth to the ionosphere and back to the Earth.
Note: The number of hops is synonymous with the number of reflections from the ionosphere.
2. A waveform transmitted for the duration of each relocation of the carrier frequency of a frequency-hopped system.
3. To modify a modulated waveform with constant center… (Read More →)

1. In a data communications network, the number of legs traversed by a packet between its source and destination.
Note: Hop count may be used to determine the time-to-live for some packets.
2. The number of signal regenerating devices (such as repeaters, bridges, routers, and gateways) through which data must pass to reach their destination.

Of a directional antenna, the angle, in a vertical plane, subtended by the lines extending (a) from the antenna to the radio horizon and (b) from the antenna in its direction of maximum radiation.

Synonym longitudinal redundancy check.

1. In facsimile, the number of pixels per unit distance in the direction of scanning or recording.
2. In digital telegraphy, the number of pixels in the horizontal direction.
3. In raster-scanned television, the number of picture elements in a scan line.
4. In a computer monitor, the number of pixels per unit distance in the horizontal direction.
Note: This… (Read More →)

1. In radio transmission, an open-ended waveguide, of increasing cross-sectional area, which radiates directly in a desired direction or feeds a reflector that forms a desired beam.
Note 1: Horns may have one or more expansion curves, i.e., longitudinal cross sections, such as elliptical, conical, hyperbolic, or parabolic curves, and not necessarily the same expansion curve in each (E-plane and… (Read More →)

A switch provided with arcing horns, ordinarily used for disconnecting or breaking the charging current of overhead transmission and distribution lines.

1. In packet- and message-switching communications networks, the collection of hardware and software that makes use of packet or message switching to support user-to-user, i.e., end-to-end, communications, interprocess communications, and distributed data processing. [From Weik '89]
2. Synonym host computer.
3. A computer system attached to a network.