1. To break into or use a computer network or use a system without authorization, as a hacker might do.
2. Referring to a track used to bypass a flaw or a bug in an application program or application.

1. A person who breaks into, or attempts to break into, or use, a computer network or system without authorization , often at random, for personal amusement or gratification, and not necessarily with malicious intent.
2. [An] unauthorized user who attempts to or gains access to an information system (IS). [INFOSEC-99]
3. A technically sophisticated computer expert who intentionally gains… (Read More →)

A convolutional code that enables error bursts to be corrected provided that there are relatively long error-free intervals between the error bursts.
Note: In the Hagelbarger code, inserted parity check bits are spread out in time so that an error burst is not likely to affect more than one of the groups in which parity is checked.

Operation in which communication between two terminals occurs in either direction, but in only one direction at a time.
Note: Half-duplex operation may occur on a half-duplex circuit or on a duplex circuit, but it may not occur on a simplex circuit. Synonyms one-way reversible operation, two-way alternate operation.

Any photomechanical printing surface or the impression therefrom in which detail and tone values are represented by a series of evenly spaced dots in varying size and shape, varying in direct proportion to the intensity of tones they represent. [JP1]

1. In facsimile systems, the relationship between the density of the recorded copy and the density of the object, i.e., the original.
2. In facsimile systems, the relationship between the amplitude of the facsimile signal to either the density of the object or the density of the recorded copy when only a portion of the system is under consideration.
Note:… (Read More →)

An error-detecting and error-correcting binary code, used in data transmission, that can (a) detect all single- and double-bit errors and (b) correct all single-bit errors.
Note: A Hamming code satisfies the relation 2m n+1, where n is the total number of bits in the block, k is the number of information bits in the block, and m is the number… (Read More →)

The number of digit positions in which the corresponding digits of two binary words of the same length are different.
Note 1: The Hamming distance between 1011101 and 1001001 is two.
Note 2: The concept can be extended to other notation systems. For example, the Hamming distance between 2143896 and 2233796 is three, and between "toned" and "roses" it is… (Read More →)

The number of non-zero symbols in a symbol sequence.
Note: For binary signaling, Hamming weight is the number of "1" bits in the binary sequence.

1. In cellular mobile systems, the process of transferring a phone call in progress from one cell transmitter and receiver and frequency pair to another cell transmitter and receiver using a different frequency pair without interruption of the call. Synonym handover.
2. In satellite communications, the process of transferring ground-station control responsibility from one ground station to another without loss… (Read More →)