A block in which a bit pattern or a flag identifies the beginning or end of a block.

See SEED.

In the optical regime, the property of an element (rod or slab of material) that (a) has a refractive index gradient that is a defined function of the radial distance from its optical axis, and (b) by virtue of which gradient, is capable of focusing light in a manner after that of a conventional simple lens.
Note 1: For example,… (Read More →)

In computer programming, a partial computer address that uses the base address of the computer program, in which it appears, as the ellipsed component of the partial address.
Note 1: A program that uses self-relative addresses will be portable, in that all related programs and subroutines can be moved, together, to a different computer or subdirectory, and all components will… (Read More →)

A code in which the symbol stream formed by a portion of one code word, or by the overlapped portion of any two adjacent code words, is not a valid code word.
Note 1: A self-synchronizing code permits the proper framing of transmitted code words provided that no uncorrected errors occur in the symbol stream.
Note 2: External synchronization is… (Read More →)

A circuit that uses the data it is retransmitting to perform tests on itself to ensure that it is transmitting properly, i.e., to ensure that all circuit components are functioning properly. [After Weik '96]

A connection established via a service order or via network management. [T1.627-1993]

A machine-aided command and control system in which human intervention is required in varying degrees to operate the system.

1. In telephone systems, a switching system in which telephone operators receive call instructions orally from users and complete them by automatic equipment.
2. At tape-relay intermediate stations, the manual routing or rerouting of taped messages without rekeying them.

Synonym injection laser diode.