1. Synonym integrated circuit.
2. In satellite communications systems, the smallest element of data in an encoded signal.
3. The most elemental component of a spread spectrum signal when it is decompressed in time; that is, the longest duration signal in which signal parameters are approximately constant. .
4. In micrographic and display systems, a relatively small and separate piece… (Read More →)

1. The rate of encoding. [NTIA]
2. In direct-sequence-modulation spread-spectrum systems, the rate at which the information signal bits are transmitted as a pseudorandom sequence of chips.
Note: The chip rate is usually several times the information bit rate.

In spread-spectrum systems, the duration of a chip produced by a frequency-hopping signal generator.

1. The rapid changing, as opposed to long-term drifting, of the frequency of an electromagnetic wave.
Note: Chirping is most often observed in pulsed operation of a source.
2. A pulse compression technique that uses (usually linear) frequency modulation during the pulse.

In cryptography, an analytical attack in which a cryptanalyst can submit an unlimited number of plaintext messages and examine the corresponding ciphertext. [2382-pt.8]

In television, nearly instantaneous switching between multiple video signals, based on the state, i.e., phase, of the color (chroma) signal of one, to form a single composite video signal.
Note 1: Chroma keying is used to create an overlay effect in the final picture, e.g., to insert a false background, such as a weather map or scenic view, behind the… (Read More →)

Noise that manifests itself in a video picture as colored snow. [After Silicon]

A commonly used (but redundant) synonym for material dispersion. See dispersion.

See chromaticity diagram.

A two-dimensional Cartesian plot that depicts the multidimensional subjective relationship among colors perceived by the normal human visual system (eyes and nervous system, including the brain) when additively stimulated by (two or more; usually three) discrete monochromatic visible sources (wavelengths).
Note: The familiar CIE chromaticity diagram depicts perceived colors plotted as a function of the normalized relative intensity of a… (Read More →)