A network control protocol in which (a) a carrier sensing scheme is used and (b) a transmitting data station that detects another signal while transmitting a frame, stops transmitting that frame, transmits a jam signal, and then waits for a random time interval before trying to send that frame again.

1. In the transmission of binary or teletypewriter signals, keying in which the carrier frequency is shifted in one direction for marking signals and in the opposite direction for spacing signals.
2. In amplitude modulation, a condition that results from imperfect modulation in which the positive and negative excursions of the modulating envelope are unequal in amplitude.
Note 1: The… (Read More →)

See suppressed carrier transmission.

In a radio receiver, the generation of a reference carrier with a phase closely matching that of a received signal.

A multichannel telecommunications system in which a number of individual circuits (data, voice, or combination thereof) are multiplexed for transmission between nodes of a network.
Note 1: In carrier systems, many different forms of multiplexing may be used, such as time-division multiplexing and frequency-division multiplexing.
Note 2: Multiple layers of multiplexing may ultimately be performed upon a given input signal;… (Read More →)

Synonym carrier (cxr).

In radio receivers, the ratio of the level of the carrier to that of the noise in the intermediate frequency (IF) band before any nonlinear process, such as amplitude limitation and detection, takes place.
Note: The CNR is usually expressed in dB.

In satellite communications, the ratio of the received carrier power to the receiver noise power density.
Note 1: The carrier-to-receiver noise density ratio is usually expressed in dB.
Note 2: The carrier-to-receiver noise density is given by C/kT, where C is the received carrier power in watts, k is Boltzmann's constant in joules per kelvin, and T is the receiver… (Read More →)

Acronym for cable television relay service (CARS) station.

A rule defining the approximate bandwidth requirements of communications system components for a carrier signal that is frequency modulated by a continuous or broad spectrum of frequencies rather than a single frequency.
Note 1: The Carson bandwidth rule is expressed by the relation CBR = 2(f + fm) where CBR is the bandwidth requirement, f is the carrier peak deviation… (Read More →)